1. Keep Skin Moisturized
Dry skin can trigger or worsen eczema symptoms, so keeping the skin well-moisturized is key. Experts recommend using thick, fragrance-free creams or ointments rather than lotions, which may not provide enough hydration. Apply moisturizer immediately after bathing when the skin is still damp to lock in moisture. Natural oils, such as coconut oil, can also help soothe dry skin.
2. Take Short, Warm Showers
Hot water can strip the skin of its natural oils and worsen eczema. Instead, take short showers with lukewarm water. Use mild, fragrance-free soaps or non-soap cleansers to avoid irritating the skin. After bathing, gently pat the skin dry and apply moisturizer right away.
3. Identify and Avoid Triggers
Many factors can trigger eczema flare-ups, including allergens, harsh soaps, stress, and certain fabrics. Keep a diary to track what may be causing flare-ups and avoid these triggers when possible.
- Wool or rough fabrics
- Scented skin products
- Dust mites and pet dander
- Stress and anxiety
- Certain foods (like dairy, nuts, or eggs for some people)
4. Use Medicated Creams When Needed
For moderate to severe eczema, over-the-counter creams may not be enough. Dermatologists often recommend topical corticosteroid creams to reduce inflammation and itching during flare-ups. However, these should be used as directed to avoid thinning the skin. In some cases, doctors may prescribe non-steroid creams, such as calcineurin inhibitors, for long-term management.
5. Wear Soft, Breathable Fabrics
Clothing can irritate sensitive skin, so it’s best to wear soft, breathable fabrics like cotton. Avoid wool or synthetic fabrics that can trap heat and moisture, leading to itchiness and irritation. Also, wash new clothes before wearing them to remove any dyes or chemicals that could trigger eczema.
6. Manage Stress
Stress is a common trigger for eczema flare-ups. Experts suggest practicing stress-reducing activities such as yoga, meditation, deep breathing exercises, or gentle physical activities like walking. Getting enough sleep and maintaining a balanced lifestyle can also help reduce stress and prevent eczema from worsening.
7. Keep Nails Short to Prevent Scratching
Itching is one of the most frustrating symptoms of eczema, but scratching can damage the skin and lead to infection. Keep fingernails short to minimize damage from scratching. For children, soft cotton gloves at night can prevent them from scratching while they sleep.
8. Use a Humidifier in Dry Seasons
Dry air, especially during winter, can worsen eczema symptoms. Using a humidifier at home adds moisture to the air and helps prevent the skin from drying out. Make sure to clean the humidifier regularly to avoid mold or bacteria buildup.
9. Be Mindful of Diet
Although diet may not affect everyone with eczema, certain foods can trigger flare-ups for some people. Common food triggers include dairy, eggs, nuts, and gluten. An elimination diet, guided by a healthcare professional, can help identify which foods may be contributing to eczema symptoms.
10. Seek Medical Advice When Needed
If eczema symptoms are severe, do not improve with home care, or lead to skin infections, it’s important to seek help from a dermatologist. They can offer prescription treatments, light therapy, or advanced medications like biologics for more serious cases.
Conclusion
Managing eczema requires consistent care and attention to triggers. By keeping the skin moisturized, avoiding irritants, managing stress, and using proper treatments, many people can find relief from eczema symptoms. For those struggling to control their eczema, consulting a dermatologist can provide additional options for long-term relief and improved skin health.
