How Eye Shots Treat Macular Degeneration: Effectiveness and Safety

Macular degeneration, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD), affects the central part of the retina and can cause significant vision loss. According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and the National Eye Institute (NEI), intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF drugs have transformed treatment for wet AMD, slowing disease progression and helping many patients maintain or even improve vision.

Do Shots in the Eye Help with Macular Degeneration?

Yes—eye injections are currently the gold standard treatment for wet AMD. These injections deliver anti-VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) medications directly into the eye, preventing abnormal blood vessel growth and leakage that damage central vision.

How They Work

Block VEGF: Reduces the growth of leaky blood vessels.
Preserve Vision: Helps slow or stop central vision loss.
Improve Outcomes: In some patients, vision can improve with consistent treatment.

Commonly Used Medications for Macular Injections

Ranibizumab (Lucentis®)
Aflibercept (Eylea®)
Bevacizumab (Avastin®) – often used off-label.
Faricimab (Vabysmo®) – a newer option with longer-lasting effects.

Risks and Side Effects of Macular Injections

Like any medical procedure, macular injections have potential risks:

Common Side Effects:

Mild eye irritation or redness
Small floaters or spots in vision
Temporary blurred vision

Rare but Serious Side Effects:

Eye infection (endophthalmitis)
Retinal detachment
Increase in eye pressure

Doctors use sterile techniques to minimize risks, and most patients tolerate injections well.

How Often Are Injections Needed?

Typically every 4–8 weeks depending on the drug and patient response.
Some newer medications allow for longer intervals between shots.
Regular follow-up with an ophthalmologist is essential to monitor progress.

Conclusion

Shots in the eye, or macular injections, are one of the most effective treatments for wet age-related macular degeneration. While they don’t cure the disease, they can slow progression, preserve vision, and in some cases improve eyesight. With newer drugs extending the time between treatments, these injections remain a cornerstone of AMD management.